RACISM IN THE POST-COLONIAL SOCIETY: A Critical Discourse Analysis to Jacqueline Woodson’s Novels
Main Article Content
Abstract
RASISME DALAM MASYARAKAT PASCAKOLONIAL: Â
Sebuah Analisis Wacana Kritis terhadap Novel-novel Jacqueline Woodson
Abstract
Racism can be a reason for a certain group of people to behave as civilized society and assume other groups as uncivilized society. Racism is closely related to orientalism and colonialism, since generally colonialism enrooted on the superiority ism of European or Western race as white. This research analyzes racial issues in the novels of Jacqueline Woodson. This research was conducted by using Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) theory. The researcher also used deconstruction reading approach in order to reveal racial issues in this novel. The result of the research found that these novels show the traces of racism in pascacolonial era in America. In this novel the racism act of white is reflected in its relation with black people. Its relation shows up in some aspects; First, white’s prejudice toward black people in order to maintain white supremacy. Second, discrimination and segregation that are constructed by white to make black living in marginality. Those discrimination and segregation are conducted by using verbal expression, avoidance, exclusion, physical abuse, and extinction. Third, resistance of black people against racial discrimination.
Key words: Racism, racial prejudice, discrimination, segregation, resistance
Â
Abstrak
Perbedaan ras dapat menjadi akar konflik sosial apabila diikuti oleh ideologi rasisme, yaitu keyakinan suatu kelompok yang beranggapan bahwa kelompok ras mereka lebih unggul dari ras yang lain. Rasisme sering dijadikan alasan oleh suatu kelompok untuk bersikap sebagai ras yang berperadaban, sekaligus beranggapan bahwa kelompok ras yang lain adalah masyarakat yang tidak berperadaban. Ideologi rasisme tersebut berkaitan erat degan orientalisme dan kolonialisme, karena biasanya kolonialisme berakar pada keyakinan tentang superioritas masyarakat Eropa atau Barat sebagai ras kulit putih yang lebih unggul. Penelitian ini mengkaji isu-isu rasial dalam novel karya Jacqueline Woodson. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan pendekatan Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA). Peneliti juga menggunakan metode pembacaan dekonstruksi untuk mengungkapkan isu-isu rasial dalam novel. Temuan dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa novel-novel Jacqueline Woodson mengungkapkan jejak-jejak rasisme yang masih hidup pada era pasca kolonial di Amerika. Dalam karya tersebut ditemukan bahwa ideologi rasisme yang ditunjukkan oleh ras kulit putih terhadap ras kulit hitam nampak dalam beberapa aspek; pertama, sikap prasangka rasial ras kulit putih terhadap ras kulit hitam untuk menjaga supremasi ras kulit putih. Kedua, diskriminasi dan pemisahan yang dikonstruksi oleh ras kulit putih untuk memarjinalkan ras kulit hitam. Tindakan tersebut muncul dalam bentuk ekspresi verbal, penghindaran, pengucilan, kekerasan fisik, dan pembunuhan. Ketiga, adanya resistensi dari kelompok ras kulit hitam untuk menentang diskriminasi rasial.
Kata kunci: Rasisme, prasangka rasial, diskriminasi,pemisahan, resistensi
Downloads
Article Details
Issue
Section
Open Access
Humanus: Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu-ilmu Humaniora is a peer reviewed and open access journal that publishes significant and important research from all area of humanities studies.
This journal provides immediate open access to its content that making research publish in this journal freely available to the public that supports a greater exchange of knowledge.
Copyright
Submission of a manuscript implies that the submitted work has not been published before (except as part of a thesis or report, or abstract); that it is not under consideration for publication elsewhere; that its publication has been approved by all co-authors. If and when the manuscript is accepted for publication, the author(s) still hold the copyright and retain publishing rights without restrictions. Authors or others are allowed to multiply article as long as not for commercial purposes. For the new invention, authors are suggested to manage its patent before published.
Disclaimer
No responsibility is assumed by publisher and co-publishers, nor by the editors for any injury and/or damage to persons or property as a result of any actual or alleged libelous statements, infringement of intellectual property or privacy rights, or products liability, whether resulting from negligence or otherwise, or from any use or operation of any ideas, instructions, procedures, products or methods contained in the material therein.
How to Cite
References
Endaswara, Suwardi. 2013. Metodologi Penelitian Sastra: Epistimologi, Model, Teori, dan Aplikasi. Jokjakarta: Center for Academic Publishing Service
Franklin, John Hope & Isidore Starr. 1967. The Negro in 20th Century America: A Reader on the Struggle for Civil Rights. Toronto: Random House Inc.
Fredrickson, George M. 2002. Racism: A Short History. New Jersey: Princenton University Press.
Goldmann, Lucien. 1978. Towards a Sociology of the Novel. London: Tavistock Publication.
Hendricks, William O. 1973. Essay on Semiolinguistics and Verbal Arts. Paris: Mounton the Hague.
Jorgensen, Marianne. 2007. Analisis Wacana: Teori dan Metode (Terj). Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar.
Rabinow, Paul. 2011. Michael Foucault: Pengetahuan & Metode (Terj. Arief). Yogyakarta: Jalasutra.
Ratna, Nyoman Kutha. 2013. Glosarium: 1.250 Entri Kajian Sastra, Seni dan Sosial Budaya. Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar.
Sarup, Madan. 1993. An Introductory Guide to Post Structuralism and Postmodernism. Georgia: The University of Georgia Press.
Sniderman, M. Paul. 1991. “New Racism†American Journal of olitical Science, Vol. 35, No. 2 9May, 1991). Pp. 423-447.
Sugiyono. 2012. Metode Penelitian Kualitatif. Cetakan Ke-20. Bandung: Alfabeta.
Woodson, Jacqueline. 1992. Maizon at Blue Hill. New York: Penguin Group.
Woodson, Jacqueline. 1998. If You Come Softly. New York: Penguin Group.