UPAYA PENERAPAN NILAI-NILAI ADAT DAN SYARAK DALAM PENYELENGGARAAN PEMERINTAHAN NAGARI
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Abstract
Minangkabau nagari (local state resembling village) serve as the lowest level of
administration in the Indonesian government as well as the basis for the implementation
and preservation of traditional values based on Islamic sharia. Nagari is not only led by
Wali Nagari as the formal leader but also balanced by Tungku Tigo Sajarangan—a term
for three leaders in the society; Niniak Mamak, Alim Ulama, and Cadiak Pandai—and
Bundo Kanduang as the social leader. Each element has to cooperate and contribute
according to their tasks to achieve the goal of wealthy, prosperous, secure, and peaceful
Nagari community. Those functions will work well if each leader understands,
comprehends, and implements the cultural and religious values as mentioned in
Minangkabau catchphrase “Adat Basandi Syarak, Syarak Basandi Kitabullah.â€
Key words: Nagari, Tungku Tigo Sajarangan, Bundo Kanduang, culture, Syarak
Abstrak
Nagari di Minangkabau selain berfungsi sebagai pusat pemerintahan terendah
dalam wilayah Republik Idonesia juga merupakan basis penanaman dan pelestarian
nilai-nilai adat dan syarak. Kepemimpinan Nagari tidak hanya dilaksanakan oleh Wali
Nagari dan perangkat-peangkatnya sebagai pimpinan formal tapi juga oleh forum Tigo
Tungku Sajarangan (Niniak Mamak, Alim Ulama dan Cadiak Pandai) ditambah dengan
unsur-unsur Bundo Kanduang sebagai pimpinan sosial. Masing-masing unsur harus
saling bekerjasama dan bahu membahu sesuai fungsinya untuk mewujudkan cita-cita
menuju kehidupan masyarakat Nagari yang makmur, sejahtera, aman, damai dan
sentosa. Fungsi-fungsi tersebut akan dapat berjalan dengan baik dan lancar apabila
masing-masing unsur memahami, menghayati dan mengamalkan nilai-nilai adat dan
syari’at Islam seperti tertuang dalam ungkapan “Adat Basandi Syarak- Syarak Basandi
Kitabullah. Â
Kata kunci: Nagari, Tungku Tigo Sajarangan, Bundo Kanduang, Adat, Syarak
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